Quantum simulating lattice gauge theories — high-energy physics with ultra-cold atoms
Abstract
The difficulty of tackling the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of gauge theories on classical computers is spurring a worldwide effort to solve them on dedicated quantum simulator devices. In this talk, I will discuss recent progress towards quantum simulation of gauge theories. First, I will present recent experiments in cold atoms [ 1, 2], one of which has realized a many-body gauge theory in a 71-site Hubbard model and has certified the fulfilment of Gauss’s law for the first time [ 2]. Moreover, I will discuss our ongoing theoretical effort to quantify and mitigate the influence of microscopic violations of the local gauge symmetry [ 3– 5]. Through these discussions, I will aim at outlining a roadmap towards mature and practically relevant quantum simulation of gauge theories.
[1] A. Mil, T. V. Zache, A. Hegde, A. Xia, R. P. Bhatt, M. K. Oberthaler, P. Hauke, J. Berges, F. Jendrzejewski, Realizing a scalable building block of a U(1) gauge theory with cold atomic mixtures, Science 367, 1128-1130 (2020).
[2] Bing Yang, Hui Sun, Robert Ott, Han-Yi Wang, Torsten V. Zache, Jad C. Halimeh, Zhen-Sheng Yuan, Philipp Hauke, Jian-Wei Pan, Observation of gauge invariance in a 71-site quantum simulator, Accepted in Nature, arXiv:2003.08945 [cond-mat.quant-gas] (2020).
[3] J. C. Halimeh, P. Hauke, Reliability of lattice gauge theories, Phys. Rev. Lett.125, 030503 (2020), Staircase prethermalization and constrained dynamics in lattice gauge theories, arXiv:2004.07248 [cond-mat.quant-gas] (2020), Origin of staircase prethermalization in lattice gauge theories, arXiv:2004.07254 [cond-mat.str-el] (2020).
[4] J. C. Halimeh, R. Ott, I. P. McCulloch, B. Yang, P. Hauke, Robustness of gauge-invariant dynamics against defects in ultracold-atom gauge theories, Accepted in Phys. Rev. Research arXiv:2005.10249 [cond-mat.quant-gas] (2020).
[5] J. C. Halimeh, H. Lang, J. Mildenberger, Z. Jiang, P. Hauke, Gauge-Symmetry Protection Using Single-Body Terms, arXiv:2007.00668 [quant-ph] (2020).
